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Straight rail

One point when cue ball contacts both other balls in one stroke. Cushion rebounds not required — easier entry into carom.

Carom billiards
BasicCarom · two balls per strokeCarom billiards

Objective and format

Reach the set number of points before the opponent. One point per stroke if cue ball contacts both other balls (red and second white).

Classic format for training, club tournaments, and warm-up before three-cushion.

  • Inning — to 10, 15, or 25 points by agreement.
  • Change of innings and foul rules close to three-cushion, but without three-cushion requirement.

Setup

  • Three balls on table: red and two whites (players' cue balls).
  • Start — red on center spot, cue ball in D; first stroke — by lot.
  • After scoring stroke play continues from where cue ball stops.

Scoring a point

Point counts when cue ball in one stroke contacts both other balls. Order of contacts does not matter.

Cushion rebounds not required — may score "head-on" or off one cushion.

  • Carom stroke: cue ball → red → second white — one point.
  • Break continues while player scores; miss — change of innings.

Flow of play

  • Focus on simple contacts and speed control — fewer long "molecular" trajectories than three-cushion.
  • Good for practicing cut, rebound angle, and cue-ball position.
  • In clubs often played "until miss" or with stroke limit per inning.

Fouls

  • Cue ball does not contact both balls — no point; complete miss — foul and change of innings.
  • Ball off table — penalty point and ball-in-hand per regulations.
  • Double hit, push shot, touching by hand — foul.
  • Cue ball not touching cloth on stroke — foul.

For training

Straight rail is the traditional first step before three-cushion: same three balls and table, but simpler scoring condition.

  • After mastering two-ball contact, move to counting rebounds in three-cushion.
  • In some halls the table is also used for pyramid with cushions — check table type in club catalog.

Historical note: straight rail

Straight rail — basic discipline: one point when cue ball contacts two object balls without mandatory cushion rebounds.

Precursor to three-cushion

Straight rail is the oldest form on a pocketless table. A point counts when cue ball after the stroke contacts two other balls (contact order — per UMB regulations).

Used for training and club tournaments in France and Belgium; survives as amateur and practice format.

Three-cushion grew from straight rail by adding the cushion requirement.

Rules in brief

  • Score — contact with both object balls.
  • No three-cushion requirement.
  • Point match; change of innings after non-scoring stroke without foul.
  • Foul — complete miss, double hit, push shot.

Where it is played

  • France, Belgium — club tradition.
  • USA — historical carom billiards niche.
  • Russia — training before three-cushion in specialized sections.
  • UMB tournaments — less often than three-cushion; more often national programs.

Straight rail vs three-cushion

Straight railThree-cushion
CushionsNot required for scoreMinimum 3 rebounds
DifficultyLowerHighest
AudienceAmateurs, trainingProfessional UMB

This is a short guide. The exact regulations are in the tournament description on billiard.guru or from the organizer. Official event rules take precedence.